176/175 - Ratio crucial to maintaining integers (see geometry lesson 2) between radii and circumference of a circle, and crucial to the micro-variation of foot modules in ancient metrology.
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22/7 - The simplest accurate approximation to the π ratio, between a diameter and circumference of a circle, as used in the ancient and prehistoric periods.
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3-4-5 - The side lengths of the “first” Pythagorean triangle, special because the side lengths are successive small primes and, at Carnac, defined the solsticial extremes of the sun.
32/29 - Ratio between the astronomical megalithic yardAny unit of length 2.7-2.73 feet long, after Alexander Thom discovered 2.72 ft and 2.722 ft as units within the geometry within the megalithic monuments of Britain and Brittany. (AMYA megalithic yard which, in inches, expresses the true astronomical ratio of mean solar months to lunar months.) as 945/29 and the lunar month of 29.53125 as 945/32 day-inches.
33 - This is the number of years for an exact number of 12053 days. This period can be measured using the equinoctal sun and it has come to be known as the lifetime of semi-divine Solar Heroes such as Jesus and Mithras. This period relates geometrically to the 18.618 years of the moon’s nodal periodUsually referring to the backwards motion of the lunar orbit's nodes over 6800 days (18.618 years), leading to eclipse cycles like the Saros..
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Alexander Thom - Scottish engineer 1894-1985. Discovered, through surveying, that Britain’s megalithic circles expressed astronomy using exact measures, geometrical forms and, where possible, whole numbers.
Alignments - In general, to the sun and moon on the horizon, rising in the east or setting in the west. Also, a name special to Carnac’s groups of parallel rows of stones, called Le Menec, Kermario, Kerlescan, and Erdevan.
AMY - A megalithic yard which, in inches, expresses the true astronomical ratio of mean solar months to lunar months.
Anomalous Month - The time taken for the Moon, in its orbit, to reach its nearest position (largest size) to the Earth equal, on average, to 27.554 days.
architectural unit - A unit of measure implied by measurements taken of significant features within a building or monument of any sort, demonstrating the use of metrology by its designers for achieving geometry, counting time, symbolizing sacred numbers or, more simply, as a building standard when the building was constructed.
azimuth - the standard angular measurement of angles on the horizon, measured clockwise from zero degrees true North.
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canevas - A technique of geometrical knowledge expressed within multiple square grids, noted and named by Schwaller de Lubicz in Pharaonic art and temple building.
Carnac - An extensive megalithic complex in southern Brittany, western France, predating the British megalithic.
chronon - The average excess of the day over the sidereal day, of 4 minutes, 1/365th of the Earth’s rotation, to catch up the sun.
circumpolar observatory - A geometrical arrangement suited to the tracking the motion of circumpolar stars, around the north pole, during the night.
Clava - A type of circular Bronze Age cairn, with a circular chamber, named after the group of three at Balnuaran of ClavaA type of circular Bronze Age cairn, with a circular chamber, named after the group of three at Balnuaran of Clava, east of Inverness in Scotland. , east of Inverness in Scotland.
CMY - Crucuno megalithic yard of 2.7 feet, crucial to the factorization of time where 10 CMYCrucuno megalithic yard of 2.7 feet, crucial to the factorization of time where 10 CMY become a lunar month of 945/32 days of 32/25 feet per day, the Iberian foot. become a lunar month of 945/32 days of 32/25 feet per day, the Iberian foot.
compresent - present together : associated in the same complex or grouping : related as factors in the same process —used especially of elements or factors in the same state of consciousness.
cromlech - Breton word for a rounded kerb monument or stone circle.
cubit - 3/2 feet of any sort, such as 12/7 {1.714285}, 1.5 Royal feet of 8/7 feet, but sometimes a double foot, such as the Assyrian {9/10} of 1.8 feet.
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Day-inch counting - The practice of counting the days, using inches or other small units, between synodicThe recurring time cycle of a given celestial phenomenon seen from the Earth. phenomena such as years or planetary loops.
dolmen - A chamber made of vertical megalithsStructures built out of large little-altered stones in the new stone age or neolithic between 5,000-2,500 (bronze age), in the pursuit of astronomical knowledge. upon which a roof or ceiling slab was balanced.
double square - A unit rectangle of 1 by 2, with important use for alignment (Carnac), cosmology (Egypt) and tuning theory (Honnecourt Man).
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eclipse year - the time taken (346.62 days) for the sun to again sit on the same lunar node, which is when an eclipse can happen.
Ecliptic - The path of the Sun through the sky along which eclipses of sun and moon can occur, traditionally divided into the 365¼ parts of the solar yearFrom Earth: the time in which the sun moves once around the Zodiac, now known to be caused by the orbital period of the Earth around the Sun., each part then a DAY in angle rather than time.
efficient cause - A efficient causeA efficient cause (e.g. the woodworking of a chair) was the name given by Aristotle to the top term in his tetrad of four causes, such that it and a final cause (e.g. the need for a chair) are required to mediate the formal cause (the idea of sitting) and material cause (e.g. the wood used) in order for something (like a chair) to be actualized. (e.g. the woodworking of a chair) was the name given by Aristotle to the top term in his tetrad of four causes, such that it and a final cause (e.g. the need for a chair) are required to mediate the formal causeA formal cause is a name given to the top term of Aristotle's tetrad of causes, such that it and a material cause require mediation from an efficient and a final cause in order for something to be actualized. (the idea of sitting) and material cause (e.g. the wood … Continue reading "Glossary"
English foot - The standard prehistoric foot (of 12 inches) representing a unity from which all other foot measures came to be formed, as rational fractions of the foot, a fact hidden within our historical metrology [Neal, 2000].
Equal Perimeter - A type of geometry where an rectilinear geometry has same perimeter as a circle, usually a square but also a 6 by 5 rectangle whose perimeter is 22, assuming pi is 22/7 or 3 + 1/7.
Equinox - The two times of the year, in Spring and Autumn, when the sun rises directly east and sets directly west – at every latitude on Earth.
Ernest McClain - American Cryptologist and Pythagorean Musicologist who decoded Plato’s cryptic numerical ciphers in The Pythagorean Plato. The Myth of Invariance showed limiting numbers had been an ancient way of defining the onset of key musical tuning realities, then coded into many religious texts. Wikipedia.
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formal cause - A formal cause is a name given to the top term of Aristotle’s tetrad of causes, such that it and a material cause require mediation from an efficient and a final cause in order for something to be actualized.
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geocentric - The ancient view of the planetary world in which the inner planets orbit the sun and the sun and planets orbit Earth (the geo part). The Chaldean order was Earth – Moon – (Mercury – Venus -Sun) – Mars – Jupiter – Saturn.
geodetic - Units of measures and monumental measurements relating to the numerical definition of the shape of the Earth by the late megalithic.
gnomon - ancient Greek: gnomonancient Greek: gnomon means “indicator,” “one who discerns,” or “that which reveals.” means “indicator,” “one who discerns,” or “that which reveals.”
Golden Mean - The Golden MeanThe Golden Mean is that unique ratio {1.618034}, relative to ONE {1}, in which its square and reciprocal share the same fractional part {.618034}. It is associated with the synodic period of the planet Venus, which is 8/5 {1.6} of the practical year {365 days}, by approximation. It is a key proportion found in Greco-Roman and later "classical" architecture, and commonly encountered in the forms living bodies take. is that unique ratio {1.618034}, relative to ONE {1}, in which its square and reciprocal share the same fractional part {.618034}. It is associated with the synodic period of the planet Venus, which is 8/5 {1.6} of the practical year {365 days}, by approximation. It is a key proportion found in Greco-Roman … Continue reading "Glossary"
golden rectangle - A rectangle whose sides are in the ratio of the Golden Mean (1.618034) or a Fibonacci approximation to the Golden Mean.
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harmonic constant - This is the sacred number 720, which is large enough for all the regular numbers beneath it to form the octave 360:720 to offer all the intervals required to form five modal scales of Just IntonationA musical tuning system improving the Pythagorean system of tuning by fifths (3/2), by introducing thirds (5/4 and 6/5) to obtain multiple scales.. Key to understanding The Bible and Plato.
heliocentric - The modern view of the solar system in which all planets orbit the Sun and the Moon orbits the Earth as third planet out.
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Implicate Order - I have reused this Quantum Mechanical term (from the 1980’s) because the planetary system and time on earth is a system which generates configurations and harmonic intervals, known to the ancient world but lost and forgotten by the modern world of science.
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John Michell - Writer, sacred geometer, metrologist and mystic: his books were highly influential in defining the form of the British earth mysteries movement.
Just intonation - A musical tuning system improving the Pythagorean system of tuning by fifths (3/2), by introducing thirds (5/4 and 6/5) to obtain multiple scales.
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Landform - Those geometrically connected buildings, natural features or horizon events, necessary for quantifying astronomy, measuring the landscape or, in later times, connecting communities.
Lunation Triangle - The right-angled triangle within which the lengths of the two longer sides are the relative proportions of the solar and lunar years.
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megalithic yard - Any unit of length 2.7-2.73 feet long, after Alexander ThomScottish engineer 1894-1985. Discovered, through surveying, that Britain's megalithic circles expressed astronomy using exact measures, geometrical forms and, where possible, whole numbers. discovered 2.72 ft and 2.722 ft as units within the geometry within the megalithic monuments of Britain and Brittany.
megaliths - Structures built out of large little-altered stones in the new stone age or neolithic between 5,000-2,500 (bronze age), in the pursuit of astronomical knowledge.
Metonic - Greek: The continuous 19 year recurrence of the moon’s phase and location amongst the stars.
Metrology - The application of units of length to problems of measurement, design, comparison or calculation.
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Nodal period - Usually referring to the backwards motion of the lunar orbit’s nodes over 6800 days (18.618 years), leading to eclipse cycles like the SarosThe dominant eclipse period of 223 lunar months after which a near identical lunar or solar eclipse will occur..
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pi - or π: The constant ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter, approximately equal to 3.14159, in ancient times approximated by rational approximations such as 22/7The simplest accurate approximation to the π ratio, between a diameter and circumference of a circle, as used in the ancient and prehistoric periods..
PMY - proto-megalithic yard of 32.625 (261/8) day-inches, generated at Le Manio Quadrilateral as the difference between three solar and three lunar year counts.
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Robin Heath - Engineer, teacher and author, who discovered the Lunation TriangleThe right-angled triangle within which the lengths of the two longer sides are the relative proportions of the solar and lunar years. (c. 1990), that enabled the lunar year to be rationally related to the solar year. During the 1990s we collaborated to further understand the astronomical and numerical discoveries of the megalithic astronomers.
Saros - The dominant eclipse period of 223 lunar months after which a near identical lunar or solar eclipse will occur.
Saturn synod - The 378 days between two retrograde loops of Saturn, equal to 54 seven-day weeks
solar year - From Earth: the time in which the sun moves once around the ZodiacThe 12 constellations through which the sun passes in the solar year of 365.2422 days, now known to be caused by the orbital period of the Earth around the Sun.
Solstice - The extreme points of sunrise and sunset in the year. In midwinter the sun is to the south of the celestial equator (the reverse in the southern hemisphere) and in midsummer the sun is north of that equator, which is above the geographical Equator).
superparticular - a ratio in which the numerator is one greater than the denominator.
Synodic - The recurring time cycle of a given celestial phenomenon seen from the Earth.
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Trigon - The conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn every 19.8 years. Three trigons span the entire Zodiac in 60 years resembling the three steps the Indian god Vishnu took to span the whole universe.
Triple Goddess - The goddess took three forms as the beautiful young Venus/ Aphrodite, the fecund Earth goddess and the wizened Moon goddess.
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World Soul - Plato’s description of how the Creator designed the world using only the intervals of musical fifth (3/2), whole tone (9/8) and fourth (4/3), within a purely numerical framework (6 8 9 12).
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Zodiac - The 12 constellations through which the sun passes in the solar year of 365.2422 days
